In general, a variation in the bid price of over 10% is considerable, as it leaves the owner confused about the proper market price for the project. When drawings are ambiguous, there could be large variations in price between competitive bids submitted by different contractors in the bidding process. The drawings must be clear and concise and without ambiguities. Based on these drawings, the estimator should be able to estimate the quantity of materials and also the extent of complexity in the construction procedures, any unusual complications associated with the erection, formwork, and shoring, etc. This estimate is based on structural drawings and specifications that are issued for construction. Once the structural drawings have been completed, the contractor produces an estimate of the concrete and reinforcing steel quantities, as well as the amount of formwork and shoring.
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